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A beam width artifact in medical ultrasound occurs when the finite width of the ultrasound beam averages echoes from structures both within and adjacent to the intended path. This can lead to the appearance of false echoes or the blurring of small structures, making accurate diagnosis challenging. It is particularly noticeable with cystic lesions, where…

Anisotropy in ultrasound refers to the phenomenon where the appearance of a tissue or structure changes depending on the angle of the ultrasound beam. This is a crucial "artifact" in medical imaging, often seen in fibrous tissues like tendons and ligaments. When the beam is not perpendicular to the tissue fibers, echoes may be diminished,…

Speckle artifact in medical ultrasound refers to the grainy, salt-and-pepper appearance on an image, resulting from the constructive and destructive interference of scattered sound waves. This inherent imaging artifact, while degrading image quality, is distinct from true anatomical structures. Understanding speckle is crucial for accurate diagnostic interpretation, as it can obscure subtle pathologies or mimic…