Question Bank – Pediatrics Lung (Basic)

16 month old child presents with 5 days of objective fever, runny nose, worsening cough, and reduced but adequate oral intake. Work of breathing is mild and oxygen saturation is 97% on room air, but the child is tachypneic with a respiratory rate of 32, although you suspect this may be an overestimate given the child is crying any time an examiner is in the room. Auscultation is limited as the patient cries throughout the exam. Lung ultrasound shows the following:

Which of the following would be your next step in clinical management?

A 16 month old child was seen in the emergency department for viral pneumonia. They return 2 days later for persistent cough, runny nose,  and poor oral intake. Vital signs are unchanged from prior visit. It is now day 7 of objective fever. Auscultation is again limited as the patient cries throughout the exam. Lung ultrasound shows the following:

Which of the following would be your next step in clinical management?

Where are consolidations due to bacterial pneumonia typically located on lung ultrasound?

An 18 month old child presents with 5 days of objective fever, runny nose, worsening cough, and poor oral intake. Work of breathing is mild and oxygen saturation is 89% on room air, the child is tachypneic with a respiratory rate of 38. Auscultation is limited as the patient cries throughout the exam. Lung ultrasound shows the following:

Which of the following would be your next step in clinical management?

Which of the following assertions is NOT supported by the pediatric literature?

Which of the following assertions is NOT supported by the pediatric literature?

A lines are: 

What does the “lung point” in point-of-care lung ultrasound represent?

Diffuse, bilateral B lines are associated with

When scanning the posterior lung fields you see pleural shredding, however you see no other signs of pathology. What adjustment should you make to see if the pleural shredding is real?

When scanning a 2 year old child for lung pathology, you encounter a cleanly demarcated hypoechoic area in the anterior chest as shown in the above image. This is most suggestive of which the following findings?

While scanning a 3 year old child child for lung pathology you encounter an area in the right posterior lung right above the diaphragm that resembles the nearby liver. There is no evidence of pleural effusion, the pleura appears continuous, and air/water bronchograms are static in appearance.

This is most suggestive of which the following findings?

Which of the following findings is most suggestive of bacterial pneumonia?

Which ultrasound probe is MOST often used to perform lung ultrasound in children?

What finding is demonstrated in the video clip above?

On lung ultrasound you see the above finding bilaterally in various parts of the lung, mainly in the bases. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis based on the finding in the clip above?

On lung ultrasound you see the above finding bilaterally in various parts of the lung, mainly in the bases. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis based on the finding in the clip above?

A 16 year old boy presents for sudden onset of dyspnea and chest pain. His vital signs are normal and on exam he is anxious and you think you hear decreased air entry on the left side but he is splinting due to pain associated with deep breaths and has decreased air entry bilaterally.

Which of the following diagnoses is most likely the cause of his presenting symptoms?

B lines are: 

In the image below, what are the arrows pointing to?

Which of the following sets of lung ultrasound findings is most consistent with pneumothorax?

Which of the following sets of lung ultrasound findings is MOST strongly suggestive of bacterial pneumonia?

Which of the following sets of lung ultrasound findings is most consistent with bronchiolitis?

The “spine sign” on lung ultrasound is associated with which of the following lung pathologies?

Which of the following sonographic findings is most helpful in distinguishing consolidation due to atelectasis from a consolidation due to bacterial pneumonia?

Which of the following sonographic findings is most useful in distinguishing viral from bacterial pneumonia?

Which of the following findings is most SPECIFIC for diagnosing pneumothorax?

A bacterial consolidation/bacterial pneumonia in which of the following locations is most likely to be MISSED by pulmonary ultrasound

A 5yo girl presents with fever and tachypnea. Lung ultrasound findings are shown below. Which of the following diagnoses is the most likely cause of the findings shown in the ultrasound clip below?

A 5 year old girl presents with fever and tachypnea. Lung ultrasound findings are shown below. Which of the following diagnoses is the most likely cause of the findings shown in the ultrasound clip below?

A 5yo girl presents with fever and tachypnea. Lung ultrasound findings are shown below. Which of the following diagnoses is the most likely cause of the findings shown in the ultrasound clip below?

A 2 yo girl presents with 2 days of fever, cough, and congestion. You think you hear some rhonchi on exam but the patient cries too much to auscultate well. Which of the following diagnoses is the most likely cause of the findings shown in the ultrasound clip below?

A child with respiratory distress, fever, and oxygen saturation of 88% is found on chest x-ray to have nearly complete “white out” of the right side of their chest. You obtain the ultrasound findings below. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis for this patient?