A bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is an abnormal communication between the bronchial tree and the pleural space, leading to air leakage into the pleural cavity. In lung ultrasound, a BPF can be identified by the presence of air bubbles within a pleural effusion or by direct visualization of air moving through the fistula. This critical finding often presents with a “dirty shadow” or a “lung point” that may move with respiration, indicating the site of air entry.
Detecting a BPF with ultrasound is crucial for patient management, particularly in post-surgical complications, trauma, or severe lung infections. Early ultrasound diagnosis allows for prompt intervention, minimizing complications like tension pneumothorax or empyema. Ultrasound provides a non-invasive, real-time assessment, making it a valuable tool in identifying this challenging condition and guiding appropriate medical or surgical treatment.
