Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal condition primarily affecting premature or sick newborns, characterized by inflammation and necrosis of the intestinal tissue. As a critical pediatric emergency, early diagnosis is vital for improving outcomes, often relying on clinical signs like abdominal distension and bloody stools.
Ultrasound plays a crucial role in the timely diagnosis and monitoring of NEC in pediatric patients. Sonographic findings may include dilated bowel loops, pneumatosis intestinalis (gas in the bowel wall), portal venous gas, and free abdominal fluid, guiding medical management and surgical intervention when necessary.