In physics, refraction is the bending of a wave as it passes from one medium to another, caused by a change in its speed. In medical ultrasound, this phenomenon occurs when sound waves encounter an interface between tissues with different propagation speeds, leading to a change in direction. This bending can distort the ultrasound image, misplacing anatomical structures and potentially obscuring true pathology.
Understanding refraction is crucial for accurate ultrasound interpretation. Sonographers must recognize its effects, such as the edge artifact or duplication of structures, to avoid misdiagnosis. Advanced ultrasound systems employ techniques to minimize refraction artifacts, ensuring clearer visualization and enhancing diagnostic confidence in various medical applications.
