In cardiac ultrasound, spontaneous echo contrast, commonly known as “smoke,” refers to a dynamic, swirling pattern of faint echoes within a cardiac chamber or great vessel. This phenomenon arises from the aggregation of red blood cells in areas of stagnant or low blood flow, leading to increased backscatter of ultrasound waves. Often observed in conditions like atrial fibrillation or ventricular dysfunction, smoke indicates a prothrombotic state, significantly increasing the risk of thromboembolic events such as stroke.
Recognizing spontaneous echo contrast is crucial for medical professionals performing echocardiograms and general ultrasound examinations. Its presence necessitates careful clinical evaluation and may guide anticoagulation therapy to prevent life-threatening complications. Understanding “cardiac spontaneous echo contrast,” “ultrasound smoke effect,” and “thromboembolism risk” is vital for accurate diagnosis and patient management in cardiovascular imaging.