Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a complex congenital heart defect commonly diagnosed in pediatric patients via ultrasound. This condition comprises four key abnormalities: a large ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary stenosis, an overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Early detection through pediatric cardiac ultrasound is crucial for treatment planning and improving patient outcomes, as the precise imaging of these anatomical anomalies guides medical and surgical interventions.
Ultrasound, particularly echocardiography, is indispensable in identifying TOF in utero or postnatally, allowing for timely diagnosis. Understanding the sonographic features of TOF, such as the characteristic “boot-shaped heart” due to RV hypertrophy, is vital for medical professionals in pediatric cardiology.