The tibial nerve is a major peripheral nerve of the lower limb, originating from the sciatic nerve. It plays a crucial role in innervating the muscles of the posterior leg and sole of the foot, enabling plantarflexion, inversion of the foot, and toe flexion. This nerve also provides sensory innervation to the heel and sole, making its assessment vital in diagnosing neurological conditions and nerve entrapments. Understanding the tibial nerve’s anatomy is key for clinicians.
In medical ultrasound, the tibial nerve is a common target for imaging and nerve blocks due to its superficial location at certain points, such as behind the medial malleolus. Ultrasound guidance allows for precise visualization of the nerve, aiding in the diagnosis of neuropathies, entrapment syndromes like tarsal tunnel syndrome, and guiding perineural injections for pain management. Accurate ultrasound assessment of the tibial nerve enhances diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in podiatry and neurology.